Holm oak death is accelerated but not sudden and expresses drought legacies.
Identifieur interne : 000169 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000168; suivant : 000170Holm oak death is accelerated but not sudden and expresses drought legacies.
Auteurs : Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo [Espagne] ; Fabio Natalini [Espagne] ; Enrique Cardillo [Espagne]Source :
- The Science of the total environment [ 1879-1026 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
The increase in abiotic and biotic stress driven by global change threatens forest ecosystems and challenges understanding of mechanisms producing mortality. Phytophthora spp. like P. cinnamomi (PHYCI) are among the most lethal pathogens for many woody species including Quercus spp. Dynamics of biotic agents and their hosts are complex and influenced by climatic conditions. We analysed radial growth trends of dead and live adult Quercus ilex trees from agrosilvopastoral open woodlands under intense land-use. A pronounced warming trend since the 1980s has coincided in these woodlands with high oak mortality rates generally attributed to PHYCI. Yet, tree mortality and latency of the pathogen could be expressed at variable time spans, whereas, like in many other forests worldwide, tree death could also be explained by other factors like drought. PHYCI was isolated from roots of all dead oaks from one region. Trees were younger than generally believed and ages of dead trees ranged between 38 and 230 years. Growth of dead trees reached a tipping point in 1980 and 1990 coincident with two-year extraordinary droughts. These dates set the start of growth declines up to 30 years before tree death. Live trees did not exhibit any recent growth decline. Tree growth was highly sensitive to climatic variability associated with water stress and climate-growth relationships suggested phenological changes since the 1980s. Live and dead trees showed differences in their sensitivity to moisture availability and temperature. The sensitivity of growth to climate was partially related to site environmental conditions. Simulated gross and net primary productivity were higher in live sites with less atmospheric demand for water. Tree death was not sudden but a slow multiannual process as expressed by radial growth declines likely triggered by drought. Regardless of the causal agent or mechanism, the observed mortality affected trees exhibiting negative drought and land-use legacies.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141793
PubMed: 32920381
Affiliations:
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Electronic address: gea.guillermo@inia.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>INIA-CIFOR, Ctra, La Coruña km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region nuts="2" type="communauté">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Natalini, Fabio" sort="Natalini, Fabio" uniqKey="Natalini F" first="Fabio" last="Natalini">Fabio Natalini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>ETSI, Universidad de Huelva, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>ETSI, Universidad de Huelva, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Huelva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardillo, Enrique" sort="Cardillo, Enrique" uniqKey="Cardillo E" first="Enrique" last="Cardillo">Enrique Cardillo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>CICYTEX-ICMC, Polígono Industrial El Prado, c/ Pamplona 64, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CICYTEX-ICMC, Polígono Industrial El Prado, c/ Pamplona 64, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Badajoz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32920381</idno><idno type="pmid">32920381</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141793</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000063</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000063</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000063</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000063</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000063</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Holm oak death is accelerated but not sudden and expresses drought legacies.</title><author><name sortKey="Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo" sort="Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo" uniqKey="Gea Izquierdo G" first="Guillermo" last="Gea-Izquierdo">Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>INIA-CIFOR, Ctra, La Coruña km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain. 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Phytophthora spp. like P. cinnamomi (PHYCI) are among the most lethal pathogens for many woody species including Quercus spp. Dynamics of biotic agents and their hosts are complex and influenced by climatic conditions. We analysed radial growth trends of dead and live adult Quercus ilex trees from agrosilvopastoral open woodlands under intense land-use. A pronounced warming trend since the 1980s has coincided in these woodlands with high oak mortality rates generally attributed to PHYCI. Yet, tree mortality and latency of the pathogen could be expressed at variable time spans, whereas, like in many other forests worldwide, tree death could also be explained by other factors like drought. PHYCI was isolated from roots of all dead oaks from one region. Trees were younger than generally believed and ages of dead trees ranged between 38 and 230 years. Growth of dead trees reached a tipping point in 1980 and 1990 coincident with two-year extraordinary droughts. These dates set the start of growth declines up to 30 years before tree death. Live trees did not exhibit any recent growth decline. Tree growth was highly sensitive to climatic variability associated with water stress and climate-growth relationships suggested phenological changes since the 1980s. Live and dead trees showed differences in their sensitivity to moisture availability and temperature. The sensitivity of growth to climate was partially related to site environmental conditions. Simulated gross and net primary productivity were higher in live sites with less atmospheric demand for water. Tree death was not sudden but a slow multiannual process as expressed by radial growth declines likely triggered by drought. Regardless of the causal agent or mechanism, the observed mortality affected trees exhibiting negative drought and land-use legacies.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32920381</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1879-1026</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>754</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>21</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Science of the total environment</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sci Total Environ</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Holm oak death is accelerated but not sudden and expresses drought legacies.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>141793</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0048-9697(20)35322-5</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141793</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The increase in abiotic and biotic stress driven by global change threatens forest ecosystems and challenges understanding of mechanisms producing mortality. Phytophthora spp. like P. cinnamomi (PHYCI) are among the most lethal pathogens for many woody species including Quercus spp. Dynamics of biotic agents and their hosts are complex and influenced by climatic conditions. We analysed radial growth trends of dead and live adult Quercus ilex trees from agrosilvopastoral open woodlands under intense land-use. A pronounced warming trend since the 1980s has coincided in these woodlands with high oak mortality rates generally attributed to PHYCI. Yet, tree mortality and latency of the pathogen could be expressed at variable time spans, whereas, like in many other forests worldwide, tree death could also be explained by other factors like drought. PHYCI was isolated from roots of all dead oaks from one region. Trees were younger than generally believed and ages of dead trees ranged between 38 and 230 years. Growth of dead trees reached a tipping point in 1980 and 1990 coincident with two-year extraordinary droughts. These dates set the start of growth declines up to 30 years before tree death. Live trees did not exhibit any recent growth decline. Tree growth was highly sensitive to climatic variability associated with water stress and climate-growth relationships suggested phenological changes since the 1980s. Live and dead trees showed differences in their sensitivity to moisture availability and temperature. The sensitivity of growth to climate was partially related to site environmental conditions. Simulated gross and net primary productivity were higher in live sites with less atmospheric demand for water. Tree death was not sudden but a slow multiannual process as expressed by radial growth declines likely triggered by drought. Regardless of the causal agent or mechanism, the observed mortality affected trees exhibiting negative drought and land-use legacies.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gea-Izquierdo</LastName><ForeName>Guillermo</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INIA-CIFOR, Ctra, La Coruña km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: gea.guillermo@inia.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Natalini</LastName><ForeName>Fabio</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>ETSI, Universidad de Huelva, 21819 Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cardillo</LastName><ForeName>Enrique</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CICYTEX-ICMC, Polígono Industrial El Prado, c/ Pamplona 64, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Sci Total Environ</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0330500</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0048-9697</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Climate change</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Land-use</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Quercus ilex</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Tree mortality</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Water stress</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>17</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>20</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32920381</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0048-9697(20)35322-5</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141793</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country><region><li>Communauté de Madrid</li></region></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo" sort="Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo" uniqKey="Gea Izquierdo G" first="Guillermo" last="Gea-Izquierdo">Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo</name></region><name sortKey="Cardillo, Enrique" sort="Cardillo, Enrique" uniqKey="Cardillo E" first="Enrique" last="Cardillo">Enrique Cardillo</name><name sortKey="Natalini, Fabio" sort="Natalini, Fabio" uniqKey="Natalini F" first="Fabio" last="Natalini">Fabio Natalini</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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